
and conj.
1.误:Someone had stolen Mary's bike and broke it into piece.
有人偷了玛丽的自行车,砸成碎片。
正:Someone had stolen Mary's bike and and broken it into piece.
说明:
根据语法,误句中and 所连接的应该是两个过去完成时的动词,而不是一个过去完成时和一个过去时,误句中用的 broke 应该改为broken。
2.误: To see and believing is a saying.
眼见为实是一句俗语。
正:To see and to believe is a saying.
说明:
and 所连接的两个成分,除了在功能上相同以外,还要在可能的情况下做到形式上相同。误句中and 连接的两个成分都是句子的主语,在功能上相同,但是在形式上,一个是不定式,另一个是动名词,两者不相同。根据句子的具体情况,应该把and后面的believing改为to beleive。
3.误: Her job is to take care of patients, to take their temperature and giving injections.
她的工作是照顾病人,给病人量体温及给病人打针。
正:Her job is to take care of patients, to take their temperature and to give injections.
说明:
误句中 and 连接三个表语,前两个是不定式,后一个是动名词,三者在形式上不一致,所以应该把giving 改为 to give。
4.误: They told me that his right arm was broken and would not take part in the game.
他们告诉我他右臂断了,不会参加这场比赛了。
正: They told me that his right arm was broken and he would not take part in the game.
and 当然可以连接两个并列的谓语,但是 his right arm 显然不能作为would not take part in
the game 的主语,必须另加主语he,形成两个分句,由 and 连接。在汉语中,我们在这里可以不用“他”这个字,在英语中却不能依此类比而行。应该在误句中的 and 之后加上 he。
比较:
They told me that he had a broken arm and would not take part in the game.
上例中 and 连接两个并列谓语。
5.误: His father died and could no longer attend school.
他父亲死了,不能再上学了。
正: His father died and he could no longer attend school.
说明:
and 所连接的是两个分句,不可以根据汉语类比而漏去第二分句的主语。应该在误句中and后面补上第二分句的主语he。
6.误:Going to bed early and getting up early are a good habit.
早起早睡是一个好习惯。
正:Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
说明:
and 所连接的两个并列主语,如果是合起来表示一个事物,谓语动词应该用单数形式。误句中 getting up early 和 going to bed early合起来表示一个习惯,谓语动词应该用单数。
比较:
1) Going to bed early and getting up early are good habits.
在1)例中把going to bed early 和getting up early看成两个习惯,谓语动词用 are,表语用 habits。
2) Dutch and American beer are lighter than British.
荷兰和美国啤酒比英国啤酒淡。
在2)例中 Dutch and American beer -Dutch beer and American beer,指两种啤酒,所以动词
用复数形式。
3) The hammer and sickle was flying from a tall flagpole.
镰刀和锤子旗在高高的旗杆上飘扬。
在3)例中,the hammer and sickle是旗帜的标记,表示一样东西,虽然用and 连接,其谓语动词仍
用单数。
4) His doctor and former college friend, Mr. Smith ,is going to do the operation for him.
他大学时的朋友,现在的医生史密斯先生将为他 动手术.
在4)例中 His doctor and former college friend 指的是同一人,即Mr.Smith,所以其谓语
动词应用单数。